Alpha 1-Proteinase inhibitor(PI) was known as a major protective enzyme against to excessive hydrolytic and proteolytic reaction. So, it was suggested that Alpha 1-PI may implicated in growth of bronchogenic cancer.
This stud was undertaken to investigate the role of Alpha 1-PI in local invasion of bronchogenic cancer. Three groups of patients were studied; Preliminary research group of 15 bronchogenic cancer patients, Main research group of 13 bronchogenic
cancer
patients and Normal control group of 10 nephrectomy dornor.
Serum Alpha 1-PI level was observed in each group of patients during pre-and postoperative days.
Pre-operative serum Alpha 1-PI level in preliminary research group (329.2*14.21ng.dl) and main research group(406.2*39.30mg/dl) were higher than in normal control group (236.219.55mg/dl) significantly(p<0.005).
Serial Alpha 1-PI level in each group during pre-and postoperative days shows peaked at 3rd . postoperative day in preliminary and main research group, thereafter decreased gradually.
According to AJCC classification, 13 main research lung cancer group patients were subdivided into stage I (6cases, 46.2%), stage II(2cases, 15.3%), stage III(5cases, 38.5%), Serum Alpha 1-PI level in stage I, and II cases of main research group
was
higher than in normal control group during whole. Time course of research (p<0.05), and its level at 1 st., 5th., and 14th. Postoperative day in stage III was higher than in stage I(p<0.1).
Protein amount, elastase and cathepsin G activity were analyzed quantitatively in tumor tissue, tumor border tissue and non-tumor tissue, respectively, in main research group of lung cancer patients.
Protein amount in tumor-border tissue was higher than in tumor tissue(p<0.1), elastase activity shows highest level in tumor border tissue and elastase in tumor and tumor-border tissue was higher than in non-tumor tissue(p<0.005). Cathepsin g
activity
was highest in tumor tissue and progressively decreased passing through tumor border and non-tumor tissue.
Immunohistochemical study for Alpha 1-antitrypsin(A1AT) was carried out by ABC(avidin-biotin peroxidase complex) method using Alpha-1 antitrypsin DAKO(r) to tumor tissues of 13 lung cancer patients in main research group. 6 cases(46.2%, squamous
cell
ca; 5, adenocarcinoma; 1) of above 13 cases show positive immunoreactivity for A1AT.
In conclusion, alpha 1-PI and elastase are disclosed that have defined actions for lung cancer growing or spreading. (Korean J Thoracic Cardiovas Surg 1994; 27:364-73)
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